CrawlRelay https://crawlrelay.com/ 2026-10-14T00:00:00Z CrawlRelay API documentationhttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/api/2026-10-14T00:00:00ZCrawlRelay REST API at crawlrelay.com/api: API keys, errors, limits and endpoints for the balance, crypto top-ups, orders and proxies.CrawlRelay Account and balancehttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/api/account/2026-10-14T00:00:00ZCrawlRelay API: account details, prepaid USD balance and balance history. Parameters, example responses, curl, Python and Node.js code.CrawlRelay API keys and IP allowlisthttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/api/api-keys/2026-10-14T00:00:00ZCrawlRelay API: API keys with scopes and the IP allowlist (up to 10 IPs) for password-free proxy access, with curl, Python and Node.js examples.CrawlRelay Ordershttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/api/orders/2026-10-14T00:00:00ZCrawlRelay API: plans and prices, buying a plan from the balance and order history. Parameters, example responses, curl, Python and Node.js code.CrawlRelay Residential proxies and credentialshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/api/residential/2026-10-14T00:00:00ZCrawlRelay API: traffic subscriptions, proxy credentials, sub-users, usage and targetable locations, with curl, Python and Node.js examples.CrawlRelay Crypto top-upshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/api/top-ups/2026-10-14T00:00:00ZCrawlRelay API: crypto top-ups, exact amount, payment sent (TXID optional) and status. Parameters, example responses, curl, Python and Node.js code.CrawlRelay Bright Data alternative for developers: self-serve residential proxieshttps://crawlrelay.com/alternatives/bright-data/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZBright Data alternative for developers without a registered company: self-serve residential proxies, $1.50 for 1 GB, $0.50/GB from 50 GB. No KYC, crypto.CrawlRelay NetNut alternative after the July 2026 seizurehttps://crawlrelay.com/alternatives/netnut/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZNetNut alternative after the July 2, 2026 seizure: the public record, five checks for any new provider, and how to move a scraper. From $0.50/GB.CrawlRelay Best proxies for web scraping in 2026https://crawlrelay.com/best/proxies-for-web-scraping/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZBest proxies for web scraping in 2026: 10 residential providers compared on price per GB, expiry, crypto, KYC and Proxyway test results.CrawlRelay Residential proxy prices per GB: 15 providers comparedhttps://crawlrelay.com/compare/residential-proxy-prices/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZResidential proxy price per GB at 15 providers (16 offers), 1 GB to 1 TB, checked 2026-10-13 with sources and terms. CrawlRelay from $0.50/GB, no KYC.CrawlRelay Pay for proxy bandwidth in crypto: USDT, USDC, BTC, ETH, SOL, LTChttps://crawlrelay.com/crypto-payments/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZBuy residential proxy bandwidth with USDT, USDC, BTC, ETH, SOL or LTC: $25 minimum, matched to your top-up by its exact amount, top-ups by API. No KYC.CrawlRelay Residential proxy price index 2026: what a gigabyte costs, from 1 GB to 1 TBhttps://crawlrelay.com/data/residential-proxy-price-index-2026/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZResidential proxy price index, October 2026: median price per GB from 1 GB to 1 TB across 15 offers, price spread, expiry and crypto terms. Original data.CrawlRelay CrawlRelay proxy docs: quick starthttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZCrawlRelay proxy quick start: gateway host and ports, username format for country, city and sticky sessions, HTTP errors and limits. From $0.50/GB, no KYC.CrawlRelay Concurrency and throughput through residential proxieshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/concurrency/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZHow many concurrent requests to run through residential proxies: Little's law, per-host limits, adaptive concurrency code and GB per hour.CrawlRelay curl with HTTP and SOCKS5 proxies: copy-paste exampleshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/curl/2026-10-13T00:00:00Zcurl proxy examples: -x and -U, SOCKS5 with --socks5-hostname, sticky sessions, CONNECT status and timing with -w, curl.exe on Windows.CrawlRelay 401 Unauthorized vs 407 Proxy Authentication Requiredhttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/401-unauthorized/2026-10-13T00:00:00Z401 Unauthorized comes from the website, 407 from the proxy. How to tell them apart in Python, curl and Node, and how to fix each one.CrawlRelay 403 Forbidden when scraping through a proxy: causes and what to dohttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/403-forbidden/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZWhy a site answers 403 Forbidden to a scraper behind a proxy, how to tell a block from a bug, and what to do without evading the site's rules.CrawlRelay 407 Proxy Authentication Required: what it means and how to fix ithttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/407-proxy-authentication-required/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZHTTP 407 Proxy Authentication Required means the proxy rejected or never got your credentials. Exact error messages in Python, curl, Node, and fixes.CrawlRelay 429 Too Many Requests when scraping: what it means and how to fix ithttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/429-too-many-requests/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZWhat HTTP 429 Too Many Requests means for a scraper, how to read Retry-After, and Python code for backoff with jitter. Slow down; do not evade.CrawlRelay 502 Bad Gateway through a proxy: what it means and how to fix ithttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/502-bad-gateway/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZA 502 Bad Gateway through a residential proxy means the gateway got no valid answer upstream. Causes, how to tell proxy from target, retry code.CrawlRelay 503 Service Unavailable when scraping: what it means and how to fix ithttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/503-service-unavailable/2026-10-13T00:00:00Z503 Service Unavailable through a proxy: target overload, maintenance, a challenge page, or too narrow targeting. How to tell which one, and fix it.CrawlRelay 504 Gateway Timeout through a proxy: causes and fixeshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/504-gateway-timeout/2026-10-13T00:00:00Z504 Gateway Timeout means a gateway waited too long for the server behind it. Causes with residential proxies, timeout settings, and retry advice.CrawlRelay ProxyError: 'Unable to connect to proxy' in Python and Node.jshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/cannot-connect-to-proxy/2026-10-13T00:00:00Zrequests.exceptions.ProxyError 'Unable to connect to proxy' explained: read the nested cause (refused, timeout, DNS, 407, 502) and apply the right fix.CrawlRelay Connection reset by peer (ECONNRESET) through a proxyhttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/connection-reset/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZConnection reset by peer (ECONNRESET, socket hang up) through a proxy: stale keep-alive connections, dropped exits, firewalls. Causes and fixes.CrawlRelay ERR_PROXY_CONNECTION_FAILED: the browser cannot reach the proxyhttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/err-proxy-connection-failed/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZERR_PROXY_CONNECTION_FAILED means the browser could not open a connection to the proxy itself. Check host, port, firewall and DNS in four steps.CrawlRelay net::ERR_TUNNEL_CONNECTION_FAILED with a proxy: causes and fixeshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/err-tunnel-connection-failed/2026-10-13T00:00:00Znet::ERR_TUNNEL_CONNECTION_FAILED with a proxy in Chrome, Playwright or Puppeteer: the CONNECT tunnel failed. Find the hidden status and fix it.CrawlRelay Read timed out through a proxy: causes and sensible timeoutshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/read-timeout/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZRead timed out through a residential proxy: why it happens, sensible connect and read timeouts for scrapers, and how to retry without piling up.CrawlRelay SOCKS5 proxy errors: reply codes, missing support and DNShttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/socks5-proxy-errors/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZSOCKS5 errors explained: missing SOCKS support in requests, curl error 97, reply codes 0x01 to 0x08, and socks5 vs socks5h DNS. With fixes.CrawlRelay SSL CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED via a proxyhttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/ssl-certificate-verify-failed/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZSSL CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED when scraping through a proxy: old CA bundles, intercepting antivirus or office firewalls, clock errors. Safe fixes only.CrawlRelay SSL WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER via a proxy: the fixhttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/errors/ssl-wrong-version-number/2026-10-13T00:00:00Z[SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] through a proxy usually means an https:// proxy URL on a plain HTTP proxy port. The one-line fix for Python and Node.CrawlRelay Rotating residential proxies in Node.js: undici, axios, got and SOCKS5https://crawlrelay.com/docs/node/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZRotating residential proxies in Node.js: undici ProxyAgent with fetch, axios and got with proxy agents, SOCKS5, per-host limits. Syntax-checked code.CrawlRelay Playwright proxy setup with rotating residential IPs (Python and Node.js)https://crawlrelay.com/docs/playwright/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZPlaywright proxy setup in Python and Node.js: authenticated residential proxies per browser or per context, sticky sessions, lighter pages.CrawlRelay Puppeteer proxy authentication with residential and mobile IPshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/puppeteer/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZPuppeteer proxy authentication: --proxy-server plus page.authenticate(), one session per browser context, request interception to save traffic.CrawlRelay Rotating residential proxies in Python: requests, httpx and aiohttphttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/python/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZRotating residential proxies in Python: requests with retries, httpx sync and async, aiohttp, sticky sessions and byte counts. Syntax-checked code.CrawlRelay Scrapy proxy middleware for rotating residential proxieshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/scrapy/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZScrapy rotating proxy middleware: rotating and sticky residential IPs per request, AutoThrottle and retry settings, scrapy-playwright. Syntax-checked code.CrawlRelay Selenium with an authenticated proxy: a local forwarder that workshttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/selenium/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZAuthenticated proxies in Selenium: why Chrome ignores proxy credentials, and a 40-line Python forwarder that adds them. Residential, no KYC.CrawlRelay Sticky sessions and IP rotation: session IDs, TTL and connection reusehttps://crawlrelay.com/docs/sessions/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZHow sticky sessions and IP rotation work on a residential proxy gateway: session IDs, TTL, connection reuse per library, and a session pool.CrawlRelay 403, 429 and CAPTCHAs: respond, don't evadehttps://crawlrelay.com/guides/403-429-captcha/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZHow to handle 403, 429 and CAPTCHAs when scraping: what each signal means, a polite Python crawler with robots.txt and Retry-After, what not to do.CrawlRelay How many GB of proxy traffic do I need? GB and cost per 1,000 pageshttps://crawlrelay.com/guides/bandwidth-calculator/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZHow many GB of proxy traffic you need: GB and cost per 1,000 pages for JSON, HTML, headless and full renders, plus a script to measure your own.CrawlRelay Is web scraping legal in 2026? What scrapers need to knowhttps://crawlrelay.com/guides/is-web-scraping-legal/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZIs web scraping legal in 2026? US and EU rules for scrapers: hiQ, Meta v. Bright Data, the SerpApi and Reddit cases, TDM opt-outs, GDPR.CrawlRelay Proxies for developers without KYC or a company emailhttps://crawlrelay.com/no-kyc-proxies/2026-10-13T00:00:00ZResidential proxies for developers with no ID, no selfie and no company email: what CrawlRelay asks, keeps and blocks, and who requires KYC in 2026.CrawlRelay